Overview
Kali Linux (formerly known as BackTrack Linux) is an open-source, Debian-based Linux distribution aimed at advanced Penetration Testing and Security Auditing. It does this by providing common tools, configurations, and automations which allows the user to focus on the task that needs to be completed, not the surrounding activity.
Kali Linux contains industry specific modifications as well as several hundred tools targeted towards various Information Security tasks, such as Penetration Testing, Security Research, Computer Forensics, Reverse Engineering, Vulnerability Management and Red Team Testing.
Kali Linux is a multi-platform solution, accessible and freely available to information security professionals and hobbyists.
Highlights
- Advanced penetration testing platform
- Hundreds of security tools
- Cloud-Init support for customized configuration
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Delivery details
64-bit (x86) Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
An AMI is a virtual image that provides the information required to launch an instance. Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances are virtual servers on which you can run your applications and workloads, offering varying combinations of CPU, memory, storage, and networking resources. You can launch as many instances from as many different AMIs as you need.
Version release notes
This listing is based on Kali Linux (2025.4 - rolling) AMD64
Release: 2025-12-12 Changelog: https://www.kali.org/blog/kali-linux-2025-4-release/
Credentials information: https://www.kali.org/docs/introduction/default-credentials/
For more information about upgrading, please see: https://www.kali.org/docs/general-use/updating-kali/
Additional details
Usage instructions
Once your instance is running, connect to it with your SSH private key using the "kali" account. For more information, please see: https://www.kali.org/docs/introduction/default-credentials/
For more information about our AWS cloud image, please see: https://www.kali.org/docs/cloud/aws/
If you are performing penetration testing, please refer to the AWS Testing Request for more information: https://aws.amazon.com/security/penetration-testing/
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Customer reviews
Ethical hacking workflows have become faster and save significant time and cost
What is our primary use case?
My main use case for Kali Linux is for reconnaissance and VAPT purposes like ethical hacking, and when I have to go through long scripts running to scan the targets. For reconnaissance or VAPT , a quick specific example is that for subdomain enumeration, I use tools such as Subdomainer and Sublist3r in Kali. Sometimes I also use Nuclei templates for the automation purpose of the VAPT process.
What is most valuable?
Kali Linux comes with pre-installed ethical hacking tools in the terminal that you can use directly. You do not need to separately install each tool and its dependencies. All of them come with the same OS, which makes it very useful.
The best features that Kali Linux offers are that it is faster, has a better response, and has fewer system requirements to utilize it. When I run a script on a GUI-based automation tool, it typically takes around ten to fifteen minutes. However, while using the CLI feature in Kali Linux, it gives me the output within one to two minutes. The performance is also better due to the ARM architecture that Kali comes with.
Kali Linux has positively impacted my organization by providing all the tools and many methodologies we need for ethical hacking or VAPT requirements in a combined bundle in one OS. We do not need to go to other platforms to download separate tools and waste a lot of time doing that. It basically shortens that period of time.
What needs improvement?
While Kali Linux has gotten better over the past years, it could be improved if it was bundled in a CLI-only pack. Currently, I use an ISO pack in a VM. A CLI version of Kali that comes with all dependencies pre-installed would be much better. I do not feel it requires anything else. I am currently satisfied with whatever is available.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Kali Linux for around two years.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
In my experience, Kali Linux is quite stable. Sometimes dependency issues come up, but if you are a technical person, you can handle it. That is not much of a task.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
Kali Linux is quite scalable. You can use it on cloud, VPS, and on-premises. I can say it is scalable. We can share the same VPS among peers using SSH. They can also work on that. It also has a good load balancing capability, so it is good in the scalability part.
How are customer service and support?
I have not gone through customer support for Kali Linux, so I cannot give much of an idea about it. I never needed it.
How would you rate customer service and support?
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
I previously used Linux, but the tools which I required for the VAPT part did not get pre-installed in that. I switched back to Kali Linux, as it was also suggested by my peers to use it.
How was the initial setup?
For licensing, we do not require any. For a small team, we do not need any licensing. We can directly install Kali Linux. It is open source. We can install it on our system and it is ready to use. All the tools come with it, so we do not need to do any complicated tasks. It is better.
What was our ROI?
I save around eight hundred to nine hundred dollars monthly by using Kali Linux. This is because the equivalent on-market tools have quite hefty charges. They are private and require a paid subscription to use. In Kali Linux, similar open-source tools are available for the same purpose.
Which other solutions did I evaluate?
Before choosing Kali Linux, I evaluated other options such as Arch Linux and Parrot OS. I compared these three platforms and then chose Kali Linux. I think it is the best.
What other advice do I have?
If you want to use Kali Linux, my advice is to explore other options, compare them, and then know your needs before choosing Kali Linux. If you are looking for faster, better performance or scalability, then Kali Linux is the best. If you want a better GUI or something else, then you can go for Arch or Parrot OS. Those operating systems are also in the market. However, the benefit Kali Linux provides and its community is also good, so Kali Linux is far better than others. I have given this review a rating of eight point five out of ten.
Learning security research tools has deepened my Linux knowledge but still needs clearer ethical focus
What is our primary use case?
My main use case for Kali Linux during my educational and research projects was primarily for vulnerability research and cybersecurity research. I used it for understanding the ecosystem and learning about operating systems.
A specific example of how I used Kali Linux for vulnerability research involved exploring the security research products that Kali Linux offers. I watched tutorials to understand how these tools work, and then I conducted practical vulnerability testing to understand the functionality. For learning Linux, I chose Kali Linux because it had many required tools prepackaged, which made it an appealing option. I used it to understand how the Linux ecosystem works, how the kernel functions, and how commands operate. I conducted most of my Linux-related education through Kali Linux.
What is most valuable?
I believe the best features Kali Linux offers are being a Linux distribution with many prepackaged tools needed for vulnerability research, which is invaluable.
Out of the prepackaged tools, I found everything was very beneficial during my research.
Kali Linux has impacted my work and personal projects positively by providing an accessible platform to understand the entire Linux ecosystem. It has helped me with engaging side projects, not in a business capacity, but in all other ways it has been helpful.
What needs improvement?
I think Kali Linux is good, but there is a widespread misunderstanding related to Kali Linux because many people believe Kali Linux is a tool for hackers and that anything can be hacked using it. This is a misconception that needs to be addressed.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Kali Linux for two years, but I want to highlight that my use case was not within my current organization. It was primarily for my educational and research purposes and is not related to my current working organization.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
In my experience, Kali Linux is stable.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
Kali Linux's scalability for my needs was adequate. I used it for educational purposes, so the scalability requirements were minimal and met my needs.
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
Before Kali Linux, I used many other distributions such as Linux Mint, Ubuntu , and other Linux distributions. However, Kali Linux had many prepackaged solutions specialized for vulnerability research, which is why I chose to use it.
What's my experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing?
My experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing for Kali Linux has been that it was free to use.
Which other solutions did I evaluate?
Before choosing Kali Linux, I evaluated other options such as Linux Mint and Ubuntu .
What other advice do I have?
My advice to others looking into using Kali Linux is to learn it thoroughly because many people believe Kali Linux is an operating system for hackers and that anything can be hacked with it. This is not accurate. Kali Linux is a tool for security research and vulnerability researchers. I encourage you to approach it with this understanding and then start exploring it. Use it only as an educational tool and not for malicious purposes. I would rate this product a seven out of ten.
Which deployment model are you using for this solution?
If public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud, which cloud provider do you use?
Reduced security workload but have faced dependency hurdles in complex cloud environments
What is our primary use case?
Kali Linux serves as the base OS across all my cloud environments. A typical task or project where Kali Linux plays a key role is that I have designated it as the base OS, which is the underlying operating system I use for all my cloud-native applications, with Kali Linux running across all the cloud nodes used for cloud-native products.
What is most valuable?
Kali Linux has positively impacted my organization significantly as it aids in red team work and penetration testing. It is not just red team work, as it also involves the blue team who defends and remediates issues, so having these tools available allows us to proactively identify issues rather than reactively, which is typically more difficult. Without these tools, the identification process is complicated and often only occurs after damage is done, making it critical that we utilize red team tools on a regular basis, allowing us to test, identify issues quickly, automate scans, and promptly notify teams to address fixes.
The best features that Kali Linux offers stand out because it is built out of offensive security and blue team validation. It is not only about red team tools but also includes a massive security tool set, boasting over 600 plus tools available via Kali Linux, which we utilize for recon, scanning, exploitation, penetration testing, among others, with various tools such as clients that we can run, along with Metasploit , Burp Suite, SQLMap, Aircrack, Reaver, Hashcat, Hydra, and others to test different scenarios.
Out of all those tools and capabilities, my favorite tools in Kali Linux that I find myself relying on the most are Burp Suite, which I frequently use, and based on Burp Suite issues, I can start the recon and then proceed to exploit using Metasploit or SQLMap, which are the second steps I take.
What needs improvement?
Kali Linux can be improved, as I have encountered challenges with dependencies that can be overwhelming. It is not always easy to deploy or run the tools without running into dependency issues, particularly on third-party private networks, so having pre-built packages could improve this situation.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Kali Linux for around 10 years.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
Kali Linux is stable.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
The scalability of Kali Linux is good.
How are customer service and support?
Customer support for Kali Linux has been great.
How would you rate customer service and support?
Positive
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
Before Kali Linux, I used more Windows-based tools, which posed significant challenges.
How was the initial setup?
Deploying Kali Linux in my environment was easy, with no hurdles.
My experience with the configuration process was smooth, without any challenges.
What was our ROI?
I have seen a return on investment with Kali Linux, particularly in terms of needing fewer employees and the time saved, especially securing the business and protecting customer data.
What's my experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing?
My experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing is overall good.
Which other solutions did I evaluate?
We use a variety of other tech products, including a bunch of AWS services, CrowdStrike, Rapid7, Trend Micro, Datadog , Axonius , Splunk, and several others.
I am interested in analyst insights about other solutions.
What other advice do I have?
My advice to others looking into using Kali Linux is that it is a good security tool.
I have shared all valuable information, so I have no additional thoughts about Kali Linux.
I found this interview to be conducted well, and you are doing good.
I would appreciate a short poem or haiku that summarizes my review. I give this review a rating of five out of five.
If public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud, which cloud provider do you use?
Pentesting toolkit has streamlined reconnaissance and accelerated real-world attack simulations
What is our primary use case?
I have been using Kali Linux for almost three to four years now.
I use Kali Linux for penetration testing purposes as well as red teaming activity. I also use it for solving machines in Hack The Box or TryHackMe.
There is a particular machine in Hack The Box which requires you to connect to their machines and perform reconnaissance as well as identify vulnerabilities in the system and exploit them in order to get the flags. That would be my recent use case.
For my coursework, which was a long time ago, I used Kali Linux for vulnerability scanning.
What is most valuable?
I think the plethora of tools that come built-in with Kali Linux is really helpful. There are a lot of categories which it provides, starting from reconnaissance to exploit. Since all of them are already built-in, I don't have the necessity to go and install every single one of them. Kali Linux has a really good suite of tools already built-in, which is one of the best features that comes to my mind.
I would definitely say the reconnaissance-based tools are my favorite in Kali Linux. There are a lot of reconnaissance tools available. Outside of that, I also use Metasploit and other exploitation tools. However, it predominantly lies with reconnaissance and exploitation.
One feature I found cool was that you can disguise Kali Linux as just another operating system, such as Windows, when you are using it outside.
A good amount of time is saved when it comes to scanning and reconnoitering infrastructure with Kali Linux.
Kali Linux has a variety of tools and a variety of word lists present, which makes it a lot easier to choose between options. For example, for subdomains, there are a bunch of them. Particularly for finding the fields of requests, there are many options. All of this makes it easier rather than going to the web to search for a particular list and curating the list for a particular thing. In that case, I would say it is saving me a good amount of time.
What needs improvement?
I feel there is not much for me to say in this because as far as all the products that I have used within Kali Linux, it has never probably been hung up on me or it was pretty smooth overall. I do not really recollect any instance where I felt this could be improved or that could be improved.
The overall theme of Kali Linux seems pretty good. However, something about it might be improved, maybe the overall smoothness of it, because there are sometimes when I try to run a lot of applications, it tries to hang up on me. That might be an area for improvement.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Kali Linux for two and a half years.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
To most parts, Kali Linux is stable in my experience nine out of ten times.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
I have no scalability issues with Kali Linux.
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
I had worked with Parrot OS, but I did not like the interface, so I switched to Kali Linux.
What other advice do I have?
I cannot speak for the organization as a whole, but Kali Linux is used quite a lot in my team, and particularly by me. It does help me to increase my pace when it comes to the reconnaissance process and also while solving machines in Hack The Box.
Kali Linux is a very good tool and a good overall operating system to use when it comes to penetration testing, as it has a wonderful set of tools. You just need to search for the right tools within it because it offers a plethora of tools. It might be a good way to start identifying what the tools are best suited for your environment and what your needs are.
I have not had to get back to them anytime regarding support for Kali Linux. My overall rating for this product is nine out of ten.
Daily security testing has become seamless while documentation and tool updates still need work
What is our primary use case?
Kali Linux is my main distribution on my laptop and serves as my everyday operating system of preference.
I use Kali Linux to automate tasks with Bash, check SSL certificates, and I particularly appreciate Metasploit . Kali Linux comes with penetration testing tools, and I also perform programming with Python that is installed on the system. These are the tools I use daily.
I also use Kali Linux to create reports with a word processor. There is a useful tool to explore databases and connectivity, and there are numerous tools available to check network connectivity.
I have installed Kali Linux in a Docker container and run it with connectivity through SSH, so I do not use the GUI and graphic interface much.
I use Kali Linux on my own laptop, and I believe I am the only security user using Kali Linux in my organization. I am also the only user in general.
What is most valuable?
The best features Kali Linux offers in my experience are the pre-installed security tools. This is very useful because I do not need to install all these security tools by hand in another distribution, which is why I use Kali Linux every day.
I find myself using the pre-installation of Metasploit and other open-source security tools the most, as it stands out in Kali Linux. Although Metasploit is very old and outdated, it is handy for conducting small initial penetration tests. All the tools for checking Wi-Fi connectivity, password cracking, and testing password security are also very handy.
Kali Linux positively impacts my organization by allowing us to monitor changes and security posture for the company. We have all the tools to conduct periodic checks, which is especially useful for ISO 27000 certification.
Kali Linux helps with ISO 27000 certification by keeping documentation and proof. Every time I find something during penetration testing, such as an operating system for an app that falls outside of the normal metrics, I document it using Kali Linux, and keeping this documented is very handy to achieve and maintain ISO 27000 certification.
What needs improvement?
There are many improvements that can be made to Kali Linux. For example, a better database for Metasploit and keeping the tools more up to date would be beneficial. As I mentioned before, Kali Linux comes with a very old version of the product or software, but it is usually up to the user to update and upgrade.
There is a significant lack of examples for Kali Linux, so you always need to go to external resources to get examples on how to use several tools that come with Kali Linux. There is no easy way to find out how the tools work or what tools are installed in Kali Linux.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been working in my current field for seven years.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
Kali Linux is very stable for my needs. It does the work, and there is also a version for my Raspberry Pi that I use for some examples.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
Scalability is not applicable for this product, as I use Kali Linux as a single entity and a single operating system for my normal use. I do not need to scale up or handle increased workloads, but if I need more workload, I would probably need more CPU, and Kali Linux will handle that properly.
How are customer service and support?
I have needed help with Kali Linux, but I have never received help from any source, as there is not an option to get support.
How would you rate customer service and support?
Negative
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
Kali Linux is my first distribution for security in Linux. I tried other distributions, but I always stick with Kali Linux. It was the first that I knew and the one that I always use.
I did not evaluate other options. I selected Kali Linux because it was the first one that showed me the right direction for security testing.
What was our ROI?
There is no investment involved because I am using the product on my laptop, so there is no return on investment. The return on investment is having all the tools readily available without any cost.
What other advice do I have?
My advice to others looking into using Kali Linux is to only install it if you are a security-focused person and not to use it for daily, day-to-day activities if you are a normal user. I would rate my overall experience with Kali Linux as a seven out of ten.